Overview

Background

Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991 was followed by a referendum for independence from the former Yugoslavia in February 1992. The Bosnian Serbs – supported by neighboring Serbia – responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to form what would be called "Greater Serbia."

In March 1994, Bosnia's Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two...