China Seizes Arms Exporting Opportunity in the Middle East

The war between Russia and Ukraine, initiated by Russia’s invasion of Crimea in 2014 and subsequent invasion in February 2022, has had wide-ranging repercussions, extending beyond the borders of the two nations. This ongoing conflict, coupled with the enduring effects of COVID-19, has exacerbated the division among major economic powers, resulting in a new bifurcated battleground in which China and the U.S. are engaged in a fierce competition.

The economic uncertainty arising from these events has provided China with an opening to expand its influence in regions that have been marginalized by the economic policies of the United States and European Union. As Russia faces economic isolation, China is capitalizing on the opportunity to emerge as a significant player in the Middle East, particularly in the arms export market. Beijing is positioning itself as an alternative economic, political and defense partner for countries in the region, offering arms sales with a “no questions asked” and “fewer strings attached” policy.

China’s balanced approach in exporting equipment to both sides of the Sunni-Shiite divide, exemplified by its engagement with the Iran-Saudi rivalry, showcases its comprehensive approach to the Middle East.  For China, each arms sale to a country typically aligned with the U.S., and successful diplomatic engagement with that country, represents a strategic gain, regardless of whether that country diverges from Washington’s influence or not.

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